The path on which the train runs is calledTrain approachIt refers to the running section of a railway train or shunting train from one designated place to another designated place. Today, let's learn about railway access, interlocking, locking and unlocking.

The opening position of all turnouts on the railway entry route section is determined, and its start and end are limited by signal, warning mark, vehicle stop mark or station landmark. Signals must be set at the beginning of the approach, I .e. the entry end of the train or train, to protect the entire approach and ensure the safety of the train or train running on the approach.

According to the nature of the railway route can be subdivided into pick-up, departure, through, transfer and other routes.They are protected by inbound, outbound and route signals respectively. Path for shunting train operationshunting approach, protected by shunting signal. Starting from the relationship between the concept of interlocking and the approach, there areParallel approach, hostile approach, detour approach, basic approach, forward overlapping approach, continuation approach, push approach and slip approachand so on.

LockIt is a technical means for railway stations to limit station signals, turnouts and routes to the specified state in order to ensure the safety of operation. That is to say, in order to ensure the safety of the route, the train will not derail due to the random change of direction of the turnout on the route, we must put the turnout on this road."Locked up. AndinterlockingIn order to ensure the safety of railway station traffic and shunting operation, the mutual restriction relationship between signal, switch and route is established by technical means.

UnlockRefers to the unlocking of turnouts, signals and routes controlled by interlocking equipment at railway stations. According to the different ways of realizing unlocking, it can be divided into normal automatic unlocking and manual unlocking.

There are usually five ways to lock. The first three areLocked approach,SECtions LockingandSeparate locking of turnouts, These three are the most common locking methods, commonly known"Three locks" is a very important concept in station interlocking. The five types of locking are all related to turnouts, so turnouts are the key locking objects. Five locking methods are as follows:

1. Locking of approach

During locking and unlocking of the approach,Locking and unlocking of access to block failure unlockingIt is the most critical and complex of all locking and unlocking modes of the station interlocking system; it is also the most core part of the interlocking software of the computer interlocking system.

2. Section locking

segment locking and its unlocking, depending entirely on itsSuck-up of rail relay/Drop state. The section locking of turnout section is effective for both turnout and access. When the section is occupied, it is forbidden to handle related train and shunting access, and it is forbidden to operate the turnout.

The computer interlocking system uses software to realize the locking function of section occupancy on turnouts and the function of prohibiting routing. Since the front contact of the corresponding track relay is also connected in series in the switch starting circuit, and the domestic mainstream computer interlocking system is basically retained.6502 turnout control circuit, so in fact, the turnout realizes the dual section locking of software and hardware.

3. Separate locking of turnout

Separate locking and unlocking of turnouts, for interlocking systems, isIndependent operation of a turnout by the watchman.6502, the non-self-resetting contact of the button for this operation is directly connected in series in the starting circuit of the turnout, so that the locked turnout cannot be moved in any way; while the computer interlocking is not provided with such buttons, which is completely realized by the software through the control of the turnout output drive.

4. Power-on lock

When the interlock system is powered on, or when the interlock machine is reset and restarted, it willAll routes that existed before "lost", so the whole field must be locked after starting,to avoid causing head-on unlocking.

InIn the 6502 relay interlock, the power-on state of the relevant relays such as the access relay is stably kept in the falling position, so as to realize the power-on lock, which is equivalent to an access lock without access. This consideration is because the coverage of the access lock is the most comprehensive, and the lock such as hostile inspection and interval blocking can be included. The power-on locking of the computer interlocking system is completely realized by software, and basically refers to the 6502 method. The difference is that, in addition to the failure unlocking method of the section, most of them also add a special operation command of "power-on unlocking". After the command is confirmed and issued by the attendant, the operator will issue it to the interlocking machine and start to automatically check and process the relevant unlocking of the section one by one, it is no longer necessary for the watchman to operate one by one.

5. Pilot general locking

The pilot general lock is mainly used when the route cannot be processed due to the loss of the turnout.Open guide signal. The general locking of guidance is generally carried out according to the throat of the station yard, and all turnouts in the relevant area are locked only, and the station personnel are strictly required to confirm the relevant situation during use. At present, many railway bureaus have basically prohibited the use of general locking of guidance. The guiding general locking function of the computer interlocking system is also completely realized by software.